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Jackson)\u66fe\u5c31\u6b64\u4f5c\u51fa\u8fc7\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u53ea\u6709\u90a3\u4e9b\u672a\u7ecf\u6559\u5316\u7684\u7c97\u4fd7\u4e4b\u8f88\u6216\u8005\u9a97\u4eba\u7684\u5f8b\u5e08\u624d\u4f1a\u8bf4\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u65e0\u5173\u7d27\u8981\u7684\u3002\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u516c\u6b63\u4e0e\u5408\u6cd5\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u6784\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u3002<\/strong><strong>\u5b9e\u4f53\u6cd5\u53ea\u8981\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u516c\u5e73\u548c\u65e0\u504f\u89c1\u7684\u9002\u7528\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5373\u4f7f\u5b83\u518d\u82db\u9177\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5fcd\u53d7\u7684\u3002<\/strong><strong>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5b81\u613f\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u8fc7\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u666e\u901a\u6cd5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u52a0\u4ee5\u9002\u7528\u7684\u82cf\u8054\u5b9e\u4f53\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u5fcd\u53d7\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7a0b\u5e8f\u52a0\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65bd\u3002\u4e0d\u8981\u5fd8\u8bb0\uff0c\u6b63\u5f53\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4f7f\u88ab\u544a\u4eba\u6210\u4e3a\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u53d7\u76ca\u8005\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd8\u662f\u4f7f\u653f\u5e9c\u6446\u8131\u4e00\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u6700\u597d\u4fdd\u8bc1\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\u4f1a\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u73b7\u6c61\u4e00\u4e2a\u53f8\u6cd5\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u5e76\u6ce8\u5b9a\u4ee5\u5355\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u53d1\u751f\u2026\u2026\u2461<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6770\u514b\u900a\u5bf9\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6b63\u5f53\u6027\u7684\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u7565\u5fae\u900f\u9732\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u6cd5\u6cd5\u5b98\u7684\u81ea\u8d1f\u548c\u5c45\u9ad8\u4e34\u4e0b\u3002\u800c\u9053\u683c\u62c9\u65af( William Douglas)\u5927\u6cd5\u5b98\u5219\u66f4\u52a0\u660e\u786e\u5730\u8bba\u8ff0\u4e86\u9075\u5b88\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u5236\u5ea6\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6743\u5229\u6cd5\u6848\u7684\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u6761\u6b3e\u90fd\u4e0e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u6cd5\u6cbb\u4e0e\u4efb\u610f\u6216\u53cd\u590d\u65e0\u5e38\u7684\u4eba\u6cbb\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u575a\u5b9a\u5730\u9075\u5b88\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u8d56\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4eba\u4eba\u5728\u6cd5\u5f8b\u9762\u524d\u5e73\u7b49\u4eab\u6709\u6b63\u4e49\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u3002<\/strong>\u2462<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8212;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6ce8\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2460 J. A. Andrew, Human Rights in Criminal Procedure, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers,1982,pp,260-264\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2461\u540c\u4e0a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2462\u540c\u4e0a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>p5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e09\u4f4d\u5927\u6cd5\u5b98\u5bf9\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u4f7f\u51e1\u4e8b\u8bb2\u7a76\u201c\u4e2d\u5eb8\u4e4b\u9053\u201d\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u4ea7\u751f\u53cd\u611f\uff1a\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u8fd9\u79cd\u5bf9\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u504f\u7231\uff0c\u663e\u7136\u662f\u5728\u201c\u91cd\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u8f7b\u5b9e\u4f53\u201d,\u8fd9\u5c82\u4e0d\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u201c\u91cd\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u8f7b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u201d\u4e00\u6837\u5728\u8d70\u6781\u7aef\u5417\uff1f\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6cd5\u5b98\u5bf9\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u201c\u6781\u7aef\u5f3a\u8c03\u201d,\u6e90\u4e8e\u82f1\u7f8e\u666e\u901a\u6cd5\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4f20\u7edf\u3002\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6b63\u4e49\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u65e9\u572813\u4e16\u7eaa\u5c31\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u666e\u901a\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u5f97\u5230\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6b63\u4e49\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u8868\u8ff0\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u662f\u201c\u81ea\u7136\u6b63\u4e49\u201d( natural justice),\u800c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u5219\u662f\u201c\u6b63\u5f53\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u201d( due process of law)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1215\u5e74\uff0c\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u56fd\u738b\u9881\u884c\u7684\u300a\u5927\u5baa\u7ae0\u300b( Magna Charta)\u7b2c39\u6761\u5c31\u66fe\u89c4\u5b9a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u9664\u975e\u7ecf\u7531\u8d35\u65cf\u6cd5\u5b98\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u88c1\u5224\u6216\u8005\u6839\u636e\u5f53\u5730\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u5bf9\u4efb\u4f55\u81ea\u7531\u4eba\u5b9e\u65bd\u76d1\u7981\u3001\u5265\u593a\u8d22\u4ea7\u3001\u6d41\u653e\u3001\u6740\u5bb3\u7b49\u60e9\u7f5a\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1355\u5e74\uff0c\u82f1\u738b\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u4e09\u4e16\u9881\u5e03\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u5f8b\u4ee4(\u6709\u5b66\u8005\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u5f8b\u201d)\u660e\u786e\u89c4\u5b9a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u5176\u8eab\u4efd\u3001\u5730\u4f4d\u72b6\u51b5\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u672a\u7ecf\u6b63\u5f53\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e88\u4ee5\u902e\u6355\u3001\u76d1\u7981\u3001\u6ca1\u6536\u8d22\u4ea7\u2026\u2026\u6216\u8005\u5904\u6b7b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u8bb8\u591a\u5b66\u8005\u89c6\u4e3a\u82f1\u7f8e\u666e\u901a\u6cd5\u4e2d\u6b63\u5f53\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6700\u65e9\u6e0a\u6e90\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5236\u5ea6\u5728\u5176\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u8f83\u65e9\u65f6\u671f\u5373\u6709\u6ce8\u91cd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u76f8\u4fe1<strong>\u201c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5148\u4e8e\u6743\u5229\u201d<\/strong><strong>( Remedies Proceed Rights)\u3002<\/strong>\u2460\u8fd9\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4e0e\u82f1\u56fd\u6cd5\u5b98\u957f\u671f\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u9075\u5faa\u5148\u4f8b\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u2014\u2014\u5373\u6cd5\u5b98\u7684\u88c1\u5224\u8fc7\u7a0b\u2014\u2014\u5177\u6709\u5f62\u6210\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u5b9e\u4f53\u6cd5\u539f\u5219\u548c\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u4f53\u73b0\u51fa\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u8fd0\u7528\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5bf9\u653f\u5e9c\u6743\u529b\u52a0\u4ee5\u5236\u7ea6\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u800c\u6ce8\u91cd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6700\u96c6\u4e2d\u4f53\u73b0\u5219\u662f\u5bf9\u81ea\u7136\u6b63\u4e49\u539f\u5219\u7684\u4e25\u683c\u9075\u5b88\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>p6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u81ea\u7136\u6b63\u4e49\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u6cd5\u6cbb( rule of law)\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u662f\u6cd5\u5b98\u636e\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u516c\u5171\u884c\u4e3a( public behavior)\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u539f\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u539f\u5219\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u8981\u6c42\uff1a\u4e00\u662f<strong>\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u5747\u4e0d\u5f97\u62c5\u4efb\u81ea\u5df1\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u6cd5\u5b98<\/strong>\uff1b\u4e8c\u662f<strong>\u6cd5\u5b98\u5e94\u542c\u53d6\u53cc\u65b9\u7684\u9648\u8ff0<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e24\u9879\u8981\u6c42\u539f\u672c\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6cd5\u5b98\u7684\u53f8\u6cd5\u88c1\u5224\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6cd5\u5b98\u89e3\u51b3\u7ea0\u7eb7\u65f6\u6240\u8981\u9075\u5faa\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u516c\u6b63\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u4f46\u4ece20\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u9010\u6e10\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u4e3a\u6cd5\u9662\u76d1\u7763\u884c\u653f\u6743\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4fdd\u969c\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u884c\u653f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6b63\u5f53\u6027\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6839\u636e\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7b2c\u4e00\u9879\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u6cd5\u5b98\u5728\u5ba1\u5224\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5f97\u5b58\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u504f\u79c1\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u987b\u5728\u5916\u89c2\u4e0a\u4f7f\u4efb\u4f55\u6b63\u76f4\u7684\u4eba\u4e0d\u5bf9\u5176\u4e2d\u7acb\u6027\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5408\u7406\u7684\u6000\u7591\u3002\u4e3a\u9632\u6b62\u90a3\u4e9b\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e00\u65b9\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u6000\u6709\u4e0d\u5229\u504f\u89c1\u7684\u4eba\u62c5\u4efb\u88c1\u5224\u8005\u6cd5\u5b98\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0e\u6848\u4ef6\u6216\u8005\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u53cc\u65b9\u5b58\u6709\u5229\u76ca\u4e0a\u7684\u7275\u8fde\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0d\u5f97\u5bf9\u6848\u4ef6\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e8b\u5148\u5f62\u6210\u9884\u51b3\u6027\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u6216\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u6cd5\u5b98\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u88c1\u5224\u5c31\u4f1a\u5931\u53bb\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6548\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u81ea\u7136\u6b63\u4e49\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9879\u8981\u6c42\u53c8\u53ef\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c<strong>\u4e24\u9020\u542c\u8bc1<\/strong>\u201d\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5373\u6cd5\u5b98\u5fc5\u987b\u7ed9\u4e88\u6240\u6709\u4e0e\u6848\u4ef6\u7ed3\u5c40\u6709\u7740\u76f4\u63a5\u5229\u5bb3\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u4eba\u5145\u5206\u9648\u8ff0\u610f\u89c1\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5bf9\u5404\u65b9\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u548c\u8bc1\u636e\u5e73\u7b49\u5bf9\u5f85\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4ed6\u6240\u5236\u4f5c\u7684\u88c1\u5224\u5c31\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6548\u529b\u3002\u4e0d\u96be\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u6b63\u4e49\u7684\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u8981\u6c42\u90fd\u662f\u6709\u5173\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u672c\u8eab\u6b63\u5f53\u6027\u548c\u5408\u7406\u6027\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u6cd5\u5b98\u5bf9\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u9075\u5b88\u6210\u4e3a\u5bf9\u5176\u6240\u4f5c\u88c1\u5224\u6548\u529b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4fdd\u969c\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u8fdd\u80cc\u53c8\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u88c1\u5224\u7ed3\u8bba\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6548\u529b\u7684\u4e27\u5931\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u6b63\u4e49\u539f\u5219\u5c31\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6b63\u5f53\u6027\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6b63\u4e49\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u6700\u65e9\u4f53\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8212;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6ce8\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2460[\u6cd5]\u52d2\u5185\u00b7\u8fbe\u7ef4\u5fb7\uff1a\u300a\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e3b\u8981\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4f53\u7cfb\u300b,\u6f06\u7af9\u751f\u8bd1\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u8bd1\u6587\u51fa\u7248\u793e1983\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c337\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>p7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u82f1\u56fd\u666e\u901a\u6cd5\u4e0a\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6b63\u4e49\u89c2\u5ff5\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u5f97\u5230\u7ee7\u627f\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u300a\u8054\u90a6\u5baa\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c5\u6761\u548c\u7b2c14\u6761\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u5747\u89c4\u5b9a\uff1a\u201c<strong>\u672a\u7ecf\u6b63\u5f53\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u5265\u593a\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u547d\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u8d22\u4ea7\u3002<\/strong>\u201d\u8fd9\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6b63\u4e49\u89c2\u5ff5\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ee5\u5baa\u6cd5\u539f\u5219\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5f97\u5230\u786e\u8ba4\u548c\u4fdd\u969c\u3002\u6839\u636e\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u548c\u8054\u90a6\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c<strong>\u6b63\u5f53\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u201c\u5b9e\u4f53\u6027\u6b63\u5f53\u7a0b\u5e8f\u201d<\/strong><strong>(substantive due process9)<\/strong><strong>\u548c\u201c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6027\u6b63\u5f53\u7a0b\u5e8f&#8221;<\/strong><strong>( procedural due 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Christopher Osakwe,\u201c The Bill of Rights for the Criminal Defendant IAmerican Law&#8221;, in J.A.Andrews(ed ) Human Rights in Criminal Procedure, The 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